History

Ibrahim Pasha storms Ankara and crushes the Ottoman army at Konya, taking the Grand Vizier prisoner and opening the road...

Russia lands troops at the Bosphorus, the powers force the Convention of Kütahya, and Ibrahim Pasha annihilates the Otto...

Muhammad Ali's last years: foreign fleets at Alexandria, a hereditary decree, Ibrahim's death and a single-line will. He...

A detailed look at the generations of war, beginning with the Battle of Thermopylae as a perfect example of first-genera...

Second-generation warfare brought technology, firearms and psychological operations to the field, as the Boer War and th...

Third-generation warfare: how technology became the decisive element in war, and how Egypt first beat superior technolog...

The full story of Eli Cohen, the Israeli spy who infiltrated Syria and came close to its presidency, until one Egyptian...

How Egypt got the Israeli air defence code from General Rabinovich's safe and took down the US early warning station min...

The media machine of 1967 and the psychological warfare that followed: how Egypt answered Israel's propaganda and turned...

Fourth-generation war erases the fine lines between criticism and abuse, freedom and chaos, patriotism and religion — an...

Fourth-generation war attacks a society's culture directly — dismantling respect for elders, family and nation, and repl...

How to recognise and counter fourth-generation warfare: information warfare, disinformation, intellectual terrorism, and...